Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in Wheat Cultivars Registered in Russia and Their Influence on Adaptation Processes in Pathogen Populations

The main growing regions for winter wheat in the Russian Federation are North Caucasian, Central Black Earth, and agroecological regions. Spring crops dominate Urals, Volga region, Western Siberia. Wheat leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is an important disease, impacting greatly on production. In Russia, disease was annual problem until 2010 but has since been more effectively controlled. However, changes virulence pathogen populations may arise from climate change, evolving cropping practices, intense use of chemical protectants, increase release resistant cultivars. 2000s, State Register included number spring cultivars to rust. successful genetic protection requires a diversity with different resistance genes (Lr genes). Studies All Institute Plant Protection identified Lr cultivars’ phenotypes molecular markers. addition, prevalence studied influence cultivar used production these evaluated. This paper reviews research Russia 2000 2020 analyzes their impact populations. These data demonstrate continuous evolution P. triticina response breeding efforts. Populations showed higher variability where pathotype-specific were commonly grown.